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Table 6 Means and standard deviation of all study variables

From: The development of compassionate engagement and action scales for self and others

Scale

M (SD)

US

N = 312

M (SD)

UK

N = 278

M (SD)

PT student

N = 418

M (SD)

PT general

N = 344

M (SD)

Total

N = 1352

α

F; df

significance

η p 2

Post-Hoc

Age

20.78 (5.25)

26.28 (9.81)

20.97 (2.92)

36.36 (11.72)

25.94 (10.28)

 

61.59; 2

< .001

.08

UK;PT > US

CAAS

 Comp for others Engagement

39.48 (11.20)

39.76 (11.10)

42.97 (7.50)

43.48 (8.65)

41.59 (9.73)

.88

16.77; 2

<.001

.03

US;UK < PT

 Comp for others Actions

28.25 (7.95)

28.47 (7.40)

30.91 (5.21)

31.67 (6.11)

29.97 (6.79)

.92

23.62; 2

<.001

.04

US;UK < PT

 Comp from others Engagement

31.77 (11.12)

31.90 (9.78)

37.13 (8.60)

36.11 (9.95)

34.51 (10.13)

.90

34.97; 2

<.001

.06

US;UK < PT

 Comp from others Actions

22.80 (7.98)

23.07 (6.97)

26.97 (6.15)

26.21 (7.61)

24.98 (7.40)

.94

38.37; 2

<.001

.06

US;UK < PT

 Self comp Sensitivity

11.96 (4.08)

12.12 (4.09)

12.40 (3.33)

12.08 (3.61)

12.15 (3.75)

.67

0.90; 2

.405

.00

US;UK;PT

 Self comp Engagement

22.61 (6.75)

21.93 (6.43)

24.75 (5.43)

24.80 (6.64)

23.67 (6.41)

.74

19.69; 2

<.001

.03

US;UK < PT

 Self comp Actions

24.28 (7.52)

24.01 (8.18)

27.32 (6.19)

28.25 (7.05)

26.15 (7.40)

.89

29.82; 2

<.001

.05

US;UK < PT

DASS

 Depression

5.03 (4.22)

3.81 (3.96)

3.07 (3.20)

3.67 (4.18)

3.86 (3.94)

.87

8.33; 2

<.001

.01

UK;PT < US

 Anxiety

4.59 (4.06)

3.76 (3.53)

3.11 (3.56)

3.21 (3.82)

3.63 (3.79)

.80

6.50; 2

.002

.01

UK;PT < US

 Stress

7.06 (4.12)

6.46 (4.47)

6.10 (4.16)

5.95 (4.21)

6.37 (4.24)

.85

1.271; 2

.281

.00

US;UK;PT

FSCSRS

 Inadequate

15.68 (8.19)

16.13 (8.34)

13.54 (7.16)

12.34 (7.55)

14.29 (7.91)

.88

11.25; 2

<.001

.02

US;UK > PT

 Reassured

18.51 (6.89)

19.80 (5.98)

20.21 (5.54)

20.12 (6.51)

19.69 (6.26)

.87

3.80; 2

.023

.01

UK;PT > US

 Hated

3.86 (4.25)

2.95 (3.58)

2.07 (2.77)

2.68 (3.53)

2.85 (3.60)

.51

10.95; 2

<.001

.02

UK;PT > US

SCS Positive

36.95

(9.79)

37.49

(9.71)

40.75

(7.88)

42.20

(35.88)

39.48

(9.11)

.90

0.11; 2

.897

.00

UK;US < PT

SCS Negative

37.59 (11.56)

36.49

(11.90)

37.41

(8.95)

35.88

(9.33)

36.88

(10.35)

.91

25.66; 2

<.001

.04

US;UK;PT

Comp Love Scale

99.75 (26.31)

93.10 (25.42)

---

---

96.74 (26.10)

.96

10.48; 2

.001

.02

US > UK

Submissive Compassion

20.63 (8.46)

20.38 (9.51)

13.26 (7.89)

11.36 (8.30)

16.04 (9.42)

.92

118.79; 2

<.001

.15

US;UK > PT

FCSIGS

 Compassionate Goals

25.13 (4.74)

25.05 (4.55)

25.85 (4.14)

25.72 (4.84)

25.48 (4.57)

.91

3.10; 2

.046

.01

US;UK;PT

 Self-Image Goals

17.80 (4.67)

17.25 (4.83)

17.96 (4.22)

17.65 (4.88)

17.70 (4.64)

.89

3.31; 2

.037

.01

US;PT > UK

SSCSCS

 State Compassion

35.97 (18.48)

41.30 (19.74)

40.57 (14.75)

48.83 (17.78)

40.35 (18.36)

.94

5.87; 2

.003

.01

PT > US

 State Criticism

60.03 (16.11)

58.61 (17.57)

56.52 (14.03)

55.17 (15.54)

58.10 (16.05)

.87

2.91; 2

.055

.01

US; UK;PT

Well-being

46.60 (10.16)

47.17 (9.21)

---

---

46.86 (9.74)

.92

.002; 2

.961

.00

US;UK

Social comparison

57.33 (15.02)

54.69 (13.40)

59.72 (12.20)

62.28 (15.36)

58.79 (14.26)

.90

15.14; 2

<.001

.02

US;PT > UK

  1. CAAS Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales; CTO Compassion to Others; CFO CAAS Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales; Comp for others Compassion for Others; Comp from others Compassion from Others; SC Sensitivity Self-Compassion Sensitivity to Suffering; SC Engagement Self-Compassion Engagement with Suffering; SC Actions Self-Compassion Actions; DASS Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale; FSCSRS Forms of Self Criticising and Self Reassuring Scale; SCS Self-Compassion Scale; CLS Compassionate Love Scale; Submissive Compassion Submissive Compassion Scale; FCSIGS Friendship Compassionate and Self-Image Goals; SSCSCS State Self-Criticism & Self-Compassion Scale; Well-being Warwick and Edinburgh Well Being Scale; Social Comparison Social Comparison Rating Scale